Naming+Oxy+Groups

Nomenclature of Alcohols (IUPAC standards)
 * 1) Number the longest chain starting at the end closest to the oxygen-bound carbon.
 * 2) Follow all IUPAC standards for naming the hydrocarbon. In the name of the parent chain, insert the numerical position of the alcohol with hyphens between the parent and the suffix, and change the suffix to “-ol”. Retain all multiple bond numerical positions and suffixes (i.e. “-2-en-“, “-1-yn-“) before the alcohol designation.
 * 3) For cyclic compounds containing alcohols, replace the last ‘e’ with ‘ol’ (i.e. pentane to pentanol).
 * Alcohols take preference over multiple substitutions and multiple bonds in numbering.
 * If a ring has a side chain that contains an alcohol, the side chain becomes the parent chain and the ring becomes a side chain.

Nomenclature of Ketones >
 * 1) Number the longest chain starting at the end closest to the oxygen-bound carbon. Ketones take preference over multiple substitutions, multiple bonds, and most functional groups in numbering. If a ring has a side chain that contains a ketone, the side chain becomes the parent chain and the ring becomes a side chain.
 * 2)  Follow all IUPAC standards for naming the hydrocarbon. In the name of the parent chain, insert the numerical position of the ketone with hyphens between the parent and the suffix, and change the suffix to “-one”. Retain all multiple bond numerical positions and suffixes (i.e. “-2-en-“, “-1-yn-“) before the ketone designation. For cyclic compounds containing ketones, replace the last ‘e’ with ‘one’ (i.e. cyclopentane to cyclopentanone).

Nomenclature of Aldehydes
 * 1) Number the longest chain starting at the end closest to the oxygen-bound carbon. Aldehydes take preference over multiple substitutions, multiple bonds, and most functional groups in numbering. If a ring has a side chain that contains an aldehyde, the side chain becomes the parent chain and the ring becomes a side chain.
 * 2) Follow all IUPAC standards for naming the hydrocarbon. In the name of the parent chain, change the suffix to “-al”. Retain all multiple bond numerical positions and suffixes (i.e. “-2-en-“, “-1-yn-“) before the aldehyde designation.